What are the primary sex hormones in boys?

The primary sex hormones in boys are androgens, which include testosterone as the most significant hormone. Androgens play a critical role in male sexual development and functions. During puberty, the increased production of androgens leads to the development of secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle mass, body hair growth, deepening of the voice, and the maturation of the reproductive system. This hormonal change is essential for the development of male physical traits and reproductive capability.

Estrogen, although present in males, is more prominently associated with female sexual characteristics and functions. Cortisol is a steroid hormone involved in the body’s response to stress and metabolism regulation, not directly linked to sexual development. Insulin is a hormone integral to glucose metabolism and does not play a role in sexual differentiation or development. Thus, androgens are the correct response as they are fundamentally responsible for the biological and physiological changes in boys during puberty.